If your end result is to be a photo at 16"x20", the render dimensions is what will be more important than choice of scale method. You don’t say what software you are using, but the all allow you to render at different dimensions. You could render out at say 6000 pixels wide and that would give you a 20" width at 300 pixels per inch.
Scaling method can be whatever you want, ie real world or your softwares default scaling choices.
As for textures, you may need several sizes. For instance small objects in the distance (for instance a stone or bottle in the background) may only need a 512 texture. Close up will need bigger for more detail like a 2048 or even 4096 texture.
If you are an absolute beginner at this, you need to start with the basics. Plenty of tutorials and videos out there that will help. 