[size=3]Cheng I Sao
also known as Ching Yih Saou, Ching Shih, and Lady Ch’ing.
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[/size][/font] [left]Along the coastal waters of the South China Sea, many people lived and worked on junks rather than reside on the land. These boats were crammed with family members from the youngest infant to the oldest grandparent. The women worked alongside the men, fishing, trading, and pirating.
One such woman was Ching Shih, a former prostitute who married a sea robber named Cheng I, she and her husband organized a confederation of pirates. When Cheng I died in 1807, Cheng I Sao (aka. Ching Shih) took command of the whole pirate fleet (consisting of over 1.800 vessels and 70-80.000 pirates).
According to the code of conduct set up by Cheng I Sao, each pirate received two plundered pieces for every ten captured. The rest of the plunder was stored in warehouses to ensure that the squadrons were always armed and ready. The code of conduct also spelled out punishments: Any who disobeyed an order or stole from the common plunder were beheaded. Deserters lost their ears. The first time pirates concealed booty they were flogged. The second time they died. If they raped a female captive, they were executed. If the woman agreed to the sex, the man was beheaded while weights were tied to the womans legs and she was tossed overboard.
Eventually Cheng I Sao decided to retire from piracy. In April 1810, she negotiated terms of an amnesty with the Governor General of Canton. Less than 400 pirates suffered any form of punishment: 60 banished for 2 years, 151 exiled, and 126 executed. The remaining 17,318 pirates surrendered their weapons and 226 junks, but retained their plunder. Those who wished to join the army could, including her lover, Chang Pao, who received the rank of lieutenant and command of a private fleet of 20 junks.
Cheng I Sao and Chang Pao settled in Fukien. They eventually married and had a son. When Chang, who had been promoted to colonel, died in 1822 at the age of 36, Cheng I Sao returned to Canton. A wealthy woman, she ran a gambling house and possibly a ring of smugglers, but otherwise led a quiet life until her death in 1844, 69 years old.
She is widely considered to be the best pirate who ever lived.
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