Not directly. Krakatoa particles are points which affect one or more pixels depending on the filtering mode. A particle with low density will generally appear sub-pixel sized. A Particle drawn with Bilinear filter can be blurred over many pixels, but you have no per-particle control over that. Same applies to drawing with DOF where particles out of focus can appear as larger circles, but you cannot control that per particle.
It is possible to create a small sphere cloud of particles, assign to another cloud using PRT Cloner and control the scale of these “spheres” via the Scaling channel. But this can be very expensive if you replace each of one million particles with 100 particles…
This question comes up very often and we have it on our Wishlist for future versions of Krakatoa. But in general it is not part of the current design.